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ObjectivesTo study the mechanism of brain damage caused byStaphylococcus epidermidis (SE) in mice. Methods A total of 80 neonatal mice of postnatal day 1 (PND1) were divided into SE group (48 mice), normal saline (NS) group (16 mice) and control group (16 mice). Mice in SE group were intravenously injected with 50 μl SE (108/ml). Mice in NS group were given 50 μl NS. Mice in control group were not intervened. At different time points after SE injection (6 h, 24 h, 72 h, 5 d, 7 d), the CFU of brain, blood, and spleen were calculated. Serial sections of parafifn-embedded brain tissue were used for detection of ionized calcium-binding adaptor moleculor1 (Iba-1) by immunohistochemical staining. The positive cells were calculated. ELISA was used to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-6 (IL-6) of brain at 6 h and 24 h after SE injection.Results There was no SE in brain in different time points. The CFU was at the highest level at 6 h and then decreased after 24 h in blood and spleen. The Iba-1 positive cells in SE group were signiifcantly increased compared to NS group and control group at 24 h and 72 h (P0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-5, and IL-6 were signiifcantly higher in SE group than those in NS and control at 6 h and 24 h (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-5, and IL-6 were signiifcantly lower in SE group at 24 h than those in SE group at 6 h (P<0.01).Conclusions It is suggested that cytokines produced by microglias may be the mediators of SE-caused brain damage.
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Objectives To study the influence of Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) on the neonatal mice of different ages. Methods A total of 60 neonatal mice including postnatal day 1(PND1) and postnatal day 3(PND3) were divided into SE group, normal saline (NS) group and control group, with 20 mice each. Mice in SE group were intravenously injected with 50μl SE (108/ml). Mice in NS group were given 50μl NS and mice in control group was not intervened. On postnatal day 14, the brain, liver and spleen obtained from mice were weighted. Serial sections of paraffin-embedded brain tissue were used for the detec-tion of microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP-2) and myelin basic protein (MBP) by immumohistochemical staining, and then the areas and volumes of grey and white matter were calculated. Result The mortality of PND1 mice in SE and NS group was 60.0%and 40.0%, respectively, and there was no difference between two groups (P>0.05). The mortality of PND3 mice in SE and NS group was 10.0%and 0.0%, respectively, and there was no difference between two groups (P>0.05). There were no dif-ferences in body weight, body weight gain, spleen and liver weights and organ coefficient between PND1 and PND3 mice (P>0.05). In PND1 mice, the areas and volumes of grey and white matter were significantly smaller in SE group than those in NS group (P0.05). Conclusions SE infection can result in brain injury in PND1 mice, but has no effect on brain tissues of PND3 mice.
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Objective To evaluate the cilincial value of Min-probe sonngraphy(MPS)for submucosal protrusion lesion in gastric.Methods 82 cases with submucosal protrusion lesion in gastric were detected by Min-probe sonography(MPS)and treated according to the diagnosis.Results 82 cases were fibroid,38 stromal tumor,among which 12 cases from muscularis mucosa,26 case from the proper muscle layer,4 malignant stromal tumor,6 lipoma,3 angioma,3 gastric cysts,11 gastric polypi,8 heterotopic pancreas,9 pressures from outside organ.29 cases were accepted EMR and 18 cases accepted surgical operation.Conclusion MPS is more valuable in the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of submucosal protrusion lesion in gastric and can guide the further therapy.
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OBJECTIVE To discover diversity of X gene sequences of hepatitis B virus isolates in hepatitis B induced liver cirrhosis patients and HBV carriers.METHODS DNA fragment including X gene sequences of hepatitis B virus was amplified,sequencing PCR products was preformed.The PCR products of three liver cirrhosis patients and three HBV symptomless carriers were cloned into pGEMT Easy vectors.Positive clones with target sequences were selected out for sequencing.Sequence comparison was made to find the identity.RESULTS A comparison of T1762/A1764,G1719T,T1727G/A,G1730C and T1753C mutations in a core promoter between the liver cirrhosis patients and the HBV carriers showed that the HBV isolates from the former had higher frequencies of mutation than the latter.The X promoter region of the HBV isolates from the liver cirrhosis patients showed higher frequencies of mutation than the isolates from the HBV carriers.Additionally,the homology between clones of X gene from one individual with liver cirrhosis averages 91.3-99.7%,that of HBV carriers averages 96-100%.CONCLUSIONS The core and X promoter region of the HBV isolates from the liver cirrhosis patients show the higher frequencies of mutation than the isolates from the HBV carriers.There are HBV quasispecies which possess great variation in the liver cirrhosis patients.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the nosocomial status and drug resistance of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(IRPA) to provide the reference for doctor′s use of the antibiotics.METHODS Totally 178 strains of imipenem-resistant P.aeruginosa were identified by the routine methods.And drug sensitivity was determined by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS All strains of IRPA were mainly from departments of respiratory diseases,tumor and geriatrics,most of them were isolated from sputum(62.4%).The susceptibility test showed that 100.0% IRPA were resistant to imipenem.Drug resistance rates to piperacillin,cefotaxim,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin and SMZ-TMP were all over 50.0%.CONCLUSIONS The status of nosocomial infection caused by IRPA is very serious.To detect and control the infection is very important.
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OBJECTIVE To study the state of mixed infection of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) pathogens isolated from female genitourinary tract and analyze the clinical meaning.METHODS Gram staining and test under microscope,DIGFA,cultivation and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were adoptmaed to detect five pathogens such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae,Chlamydia trachomatis,Ureaplasma urealyticum,Mycoplas hominis and herpes simplex virus.RESULTS Among 2 188 female patients,we got 175 mixed infection cases,accounted for 8.0%.77.7% Patients were 21 to 40 years.CONCLUSIONS We should pay attention to monitoring STDs and control work.
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Objective To identify applied value of multifunctional peritoneal biopsy needle(MPBN)in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis(TP).Methods Peritoneal biopsy was performed with MPBN in 19 cases of 27 patients with TP between January 2001 and September 2005,which was compared with the clinical presentation,laboratory analysis and laparoscopy.Results Five patients were diagnosed as TP according the clinical presentation and laboratory analysis.In 19 patients with TP,73.68% was accurately diagnosed as with MPBN.All of the 3 patients were accurately diagnosed as TP with laparoscopy.Conclusion Peritoneal biopsy with MPBN is useful in diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis,especially when there is no laparoscope.
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Objective To explore the application technology and effect of endoscope hemostatic metal clamp in children's uper-digestive tract with non-variciform acute large bleeding.Methods Type-Olympus-HX-51R-1 or type-MD-850 endoscope metal clamp were used to hold and put in the pusher.Results For 28 cases with acute large bleeding of uper-digestive tract,hemostasis rate was 100 per cent.Among them one case reoccured bleeding.Totally 43 badges of metal clamps were put inside,at an average of 1.6 badges each.No complications and adverse reactions occurred.Conclusion As a safe and easily used method of treatment,endoscope metal clamps can achieve high hemostasis rate quickly and prevention of reoccurrence of bleeding.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate drug resistance status of the pathogens of nosocomial pulmonary infection in stroke patients and to provide the scientific reference for clinical prevention of nosocomial infections and reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS By the methods combining prospective monitoring and retrospective review,patients′ clinical data were analyzed statistically.Referring to National Rules of Procedures in Clincal Laboratory,the strains were identified.The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by K-B method and the results were read according to CLSI 2006.RESULTS The main pathogens of nosocomial pulmonary infection in stroke patients were Klebsiella Pneumoniae(22.0%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(18.4%),Acinetobacter baumannii(12.7%),Staphylococcus aureus(12.3%) and Escherichia coli(11.4%).The detection rate of extensive-spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBLs) producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae was 43.2%.Meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) accounted for 39.0%.Pan-drug resistant strains were found in A.baumannii.CONCLUSIONS Drug resistance status of pathogens of nosocomial pulmonary infection in stroke patients is very serious.We should take intervention measures to prevent and control the onest and prevalence of resistant strains.
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OBJECTIVE To approach the pathogenic distribution of nosocomial infection and drug-resistance in tumor department to formulate the intervention strategy.METHODS Prospective monitoring and retrospective investigation were performed to analyze the 198 cases of nosocomial infection in tumor department.RESULTS The lower respiratory tract infection was the main infection in tumor department,accounted for 68.2%.The urinary tract infection rated the second,accounted for 16.7%.Pathogenic bacteria mainly included Pseudomonas aeruginosa(20.2%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(19.2%),Escherichia coli(16.2%),Staphylococcus aureus(10.6%),etc.Above pathogenic bacteria were all multidrug-resistant.Detection rate of extended spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae strains was 45.7%.Detection rate of meticillin-resistant staphylococci(MRS) was 40.6%.CONCLUSIONS The drug-resistance status of nosocomial infection is very serious in tumor department.Comprehensive intervention strategy should be adopted to decrease the infection rate.
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OBJECTIVE To establish a simple,sensitive method for detecting the double mutation of the basal core promoter(BCP) of HBV.METHODS FAM fluorescence-labeled TaqMan MGB and primers driving from the region containing the double mutation of BCP were designed for the real time PCR,then the standard positive control,standard negative control and HBV DNA were amplified and detected by the real time PCR.The results of detecting the double mutation of BCP were validated by the direct-sequencing analysis of PCR products.RESULTS The double mutation of BCP of HBV could be detected by the real time PCR.The sensitivity of the method was 3?100 copy templates and as few as 1% of mutant among wild-type virus sequence were detected.CONCLUSIONS The method can be used to detect the double mutation of BCP of serum HBV DNA.
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Objective: To select the telomerase positive cancer cell lines of gastrointestinal tract and to provide a convinced methodology for future telomerase study. Methods: Fifteen cancer cell lines (carcinoma of stomach 4, of liver 6, of pancreas 2, of colon 3) were cultured and telomerase activity were detected by TRAP-ELISA. The normal hepatic cells were taken as control. Results: Thirteen cell lines were telomerase positive in the 15 lines(86.7%). Conclusion: Most of gastrointestinal tract cancer lines express telomerase, indicating the detection of telomerase activity has clinical potential.
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Objective: To study the effect of intracellular-free calcium and the expression of Fas and Fas L on the process of pancreatic carcinoma cell apoptosis. Methods: Apoptosis induced by 2 μmol/L arsenic trioxide in pancreatic cancer cell lines SW-1990 was investigated.Concentration of intracellular-free calcium （［Ca2+］i） was determined by Fura-2a fluorescein load technique. Fas and FasL were determined by flow cytometry. Results: Pancreatic cancer cells treated with 2 μmol/L arsenic trioxide presented apoptotic features: intact cell membrane, chromatin condensation, nucleic fragmentation and apoptotic body formation; agarose electrophoresis showed marked ladder; flow cytometery analysis showed a sub-G1 cell peak. In the process of pancreatic carcinoma cell apoptosis Fas and FasL and the ［Ca2+］i were significantly higher than that in the control. Conclusion: The pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide is related to Fas and FasL expression by the cancer cells and the ［Ca2+］i increase in the cancer cells.
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0.05). It shows that mushroom broth culture, which is processed conveniently and cheaply, has good practical value.
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AIM:To establish the quality standard for Nabao Capsule(Radix Astragali,Radix Angelicae sinensis,Rhizoma Corydalis,Herba Hedyotis,etc.).METHODS:Radix Angelicae sinensis,Rhizoma Corydalis,Herba Hedyotic and Pendulous Monkshood Root in Nabao Capsule were identified by TLC.Astragaloside Ⅳ was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The characteristic identification by TLC was distinct and highly specific,the quantitative evaluation of thymol had the linear range of 1-10 ?g.The average recovery was 99.05% and RSD was 2.48%.CONCLUSION:The method is reliable,accurate and specific,and can be used for the quality control of Nabao Capsule.
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Objective: To ascertain the role of nitric oxide(NO) in hemodynamic dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: The plasma levels of NO and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of 28 cirrhotic patients and 16 normal controls were measured by Griess and colorimetric methods. Meanwhile, cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI) and systemic vascular resistance (R) were determined. Results: Higher plasma levels of NO and NOS activity were observed in cirrhotic patients than those in normal controls (52.34 vs 36.95 ?mol/L, P
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Objective: To study the effect of intracellular free calcium and the expression of Fas and Fas L on the process of pancreatic carcinoma cell apoptosis. Methods: Apoptosis induced by 2 ?mol/L arsenic trioxide in pancreatic cancer cell lines SW 1990 was investigated.Concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca 2+ ]i) was determined by Fura 2a fluorescein load technique. Fas and FasL were determined by flow cytometry. Results: Pancreatic cancer cells treated with 2 ?mol/L arsenic trioxide presented apoptotic features: intact cell membrane, chromatin condensation, nucleic fragmentation and apoptotic body formation; agarose electrophoresis showed marked ladder; flow cytometery analysis showed a sub G 1 cell peak. In the process of pancreatic carcinoma cell apoptosis Fas and FasL and the [Ca 2+ ]i were significantly higher than that in the control. Conclusion: The pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide is related to Fas and FasL expression by the cancer cells and the [Ca 2+ ]i increase in the cancer cells.